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| CHERRIES AND MORELLO CHERRIES. |
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| INTRODUCTION |
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ORIGIN AND VARIETIES
The origin of these fruits is located in the Black Sea and in the Caspian Sea, spreading later towards Europe and Asia, by means of the birds and the human migrations. At present, the cherry tree is cultivated in numerous regions and countries of the world with moderate climate, being the countries of major production Russia, the United States, Germany, Italy, France and Spain. In our country, the vale of the Jerte, in Caceres, is an area of traditional production. The vale of the Ebro and the Andalusian community are increasing in a notable way his production.
 The varieties most known in Europe split into (Prunus avium) or you (Prunus cerasus). Inside the first ones we have the cherries Napoleón, big, creaking and giltheads with a red flush. These cherries were known under the name of Royal Annes in the England of the XIXth century. is another variety of sweet cherry, of very dark color, tender meat and exceptional flavor. It is said that it interfered in Europe from the Caucasus, where from the birds transported his seed.
In Spain, the cultivated sweet varieties traditionally are: much spread in Spain and much dear as fruit for table and for the making of jams; very late, of creaking consistency and sweet flavor; a variety of thick fruit, red, firm, juicy and sugary pulp, of maturation very precocious and moderately resistant to the raw one.
Other crescent varieties I cultivate and consume in our country they are:
The are dark fruits of short stems, named griottes in France or you hang in Castilian. Sometimes they turn out to be so sour that they cannot eat up. They are small and round and they offer a color that ranges of the dark red one up to the black. The most important varieties cultivated in the north areas are:
Nowadays the hybrid cherries are cultivated also, with a few characteristics similar to the common cherry, of black or dark red color but with the acidulous flavor of the morello cherry.
HIS BEST EPOCH
The cherries and the morello cherries are summer fruits, although we can enjoy his agreeable flavor from ends of April (the earliest) until middle of August.
CHARACTERISTICS
 are drupes, of rounded, globular form or with figure of heart. They possess a globular and almost smooth bone.
 his size ranges according to the commercial category between the 13 and 20 millimeters and they have a 2 centimeters approximate diameter and a weight of 6-9 grams.
 presents colors that change between dark purple or black, tones you cremate paler with a light pink flush and the red one, according to the variety.
 sweet and juicy or sour, especially valuable in the morello cherries. The cherries for transformation can be gathered mechanically while the destined ones for the consumption in fresh air are gathered to hand. They retire as mature as possible because the sugar does not increase after the compilation, there are not climacteric fruits.
HOW TO CHOOSE THEM AND TO PRESERVE THEM
On the market there must be chosen the fruits of a living dark red or black color, according to the variety. The beefy ones are always the best. They must be clean and to have a firm, brilliant, entire skin and without breaks or imperfection. His stems must be green and fresh. It is convenient to make sure that the stem should be well joined to the fruit and in the point of union of both there should no be rottenness or mold. Also it is important that they do not have malformations (double fruits). In general, there are the cherries of major size those that offer better flavor. In case of the morello cherries, the best are the regions and bores, of light red color or yellowish rosé.
Once they have reached his ripeness point it is convenient to keep them in the icebox without washing nor to cover; this way they can survive up to two weeks. They admit the freezing, fresh airs or daubed of a light syrup, and as the plums are the varieties of cherries and of darker morello cherries those that better support the freezing.
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Composition for 100 grams of eatable portion |
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Calories |
58,3 |
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Carbohydrates (g) |
13,5 |
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Fibre (g) |
1,5 |
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Provitamina A (mcg) |
3 |
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Vitamin C (mg) |
8 |
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Potassium (mg) |
260 |
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Magnesium (mg) |
11 |
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Calcium (mg) |
16 |
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| mcg = micrograms |
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NOURISHING PROPERTIES
The cherry is rich in carbohydrates, especially fructose, although his caloric value is moderated with regard to other fruits. It contributes significant quantities of fibre, which improves the intestinal transit. As for his vitamins content, they are present in small quantities the provitamina A and the vitamin C.
What in fact he emphasizes from the cherries is his content in flavonoides (especially antocianos, related to the color typical of these fruits) and acid elágico of the group of the polyphenols, antirust excellent both. It has important potassium quantities and in minor proportion, magnesium and calcium, the last one of worse use than the one that comes from the milk or other food that are a good source of the above mentioned mineral. The potassium, it is a mineral necessary for the transmission and generation of the nervous impulse and for the normal muscular activity, it intervenes in the water balance inside and out of the cell.
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